The document discusses isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions and their effects on cells.
An isotonic solution has an equal concentration to a cell, so there is no net movement of water into or out of the cell. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration than a cell, so water will move into the cell by osmosis, causing it to swell. A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration than a cell, so water will move out of the cell by osmosis, causing it to shrink or crenate.
16. Plasmolysis (shrinkage of cytoplasm away from cellulose cell wall when plant cells are immersed in a solution of low water potential) Normal plant cells (turgid) Plasmolysed plant cells (flaccid) hypertonic salt solution Plasmolysed cells lend little support to the structure of the plant, indeed this is the very reason why plants wilt if put into salty water
17. - vacuoles decreases in size - cytoplasm shrinks away from the cellulose cell wall
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